For many, Jews and non-Jews as well, all of this means seeing anti-Semitism everywhere. For some, it creates the perfect climate to shield Israel from all criticism by equating all such criticism with anti-Semitism. The process is not always so simple. Many allow certain criticisms, but draw a line beyond which lay only anti-Semitism. It is not always easy, or even possible to know what motivates the opinions of others. But whatever one’s views on the question of Israel and Palestine, elemental reason dictates that opposition to Israel’s policies, including the occupation as well as its rejection of all claims against it by the Palestinian refugees that resulted from the conflict dating back to 1948 and its laws that give Jews rights above non-Jews, can and often are based on rationales that have no basis whatsoever in antipathy for Jews. The debate and discussion is a fair one to have.