NOTES
1) Kenny, J. The Human Effects of Non-Lethal Weapons, presentation of the JNLWD Human Effects Advisory Panel to the US National Academy of Sciences Naval Studies Board, 30 April 2001.
2) Susan LeVine, JNLWD Research Director, quoted in Non-Lethal Programs Will Enhance Navy And Marine Warfighting in Navy News and Undersea Technology, v. 16, n.19, 10 May 1999.
3) Lakoski J, Murray, W.B., Kenny J. The Advantages and Limitations of Calmatives for Use as a Non-Lethal Technique, Applied Research Laboratory / College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, 3 October 2000.
4) See the Sunshine Project news release Pentagon Program Promotes Psychopharmacological Warfare (1 July 2002), the information brief The MCRU Calmatives Study and JNLWD: A Summary of (Public) Facts (19 September 2002), and Sunshine Project Backgrounder #8, Non-Lethal Weapons Research in the US: Calmatives & Malodorants (July 2001).
5) See, for example, 81mm Frangible Case Cartridge, Contract DAAE-30-01-C-1077 (June 2001), US Army TACOM and M2 Technologies.
6) See side two of the accompanying map and fact sheet.
7) Liquid Payload Dispensing Concept Studies Techniques for the 81mm Non-Lethal Mortar Cartridge, Contract DAAE-30-01-M-1444 (Sept. 2001), US Army TACOM and General Dynamics.
8) Assessment Report: US/UK Non-Lethal Weapons (NLW)/Urban Operations Executive Seminar, JNLWD, November 2000.
9) ibid (and other documents)
10) Colonel George Fenton, USMC, JNLWD Commanding Officer, quoted in War without tears, New Scientist, 16 December 2000.
11) Lakoski J, Murray, W.B., Kenny J. The Advantages and Limitations of Calmatives for Use as a Non-Lethal Technique.
12) The US Department of Defense Joint Non-Lethal Weapons Program, Program Overview, April 2001.
13) See Fenton, G. To The Future: Non-Lethal Capabilities Technologies in the 21st Century, presentation to the University of New Hampshire's Non-lethal Technology and Academic Research III symposium, November 2001.
14) Nonkinetic/limited effects/non-lethal weapons for crowd control, US Department of the Navy solicitation M67854-02-R-6064, 18 July 2002.
15) See Non-Lethal Weapons Suggested to Incapacitate Terrorists in Airliners, Air Safety Week, v. 15 n. 39, 15 October 2001.
16) Durant Y. White Paper: Delivery of chemicals by microcapsules, Advanced Polymer Laboratory, University of New Hampshire, 1998.
17) 81mm Frangible Case Cartridge, Contract DAAE-30-01-C-1077 (June 2001), US Army TACOM and M2 Technologies.
18) See Liquid Payload Dispensing Concept Studies Techniques for the 81mm Non-Lethal Mortar Cartridge, Contract DAAE-30-01-M-1444 (Sept. 2001), US Army TACOM and General Dynamics,
19) ibid.
20) Aberdeen Proving Ground: see Design and Development of an 81mm Non-Lethal Mortar Cartridge, United Defense LP, US Army Soldier Biological Chemical Command (SBCCOM), US Army Research Laboratory, March 2000.
University of New Hampshire: see Durant Y, et al, Composites material selection study for NL Mortar, presentation to the University of New Hampshire's Non-lethal Technology and Academic Research III symposium, November 2001.
21) Fenton, G. To The Future: Non-Lethal Capabilities Technologies in the 21st Century.
22) US/UK Non-Lethal Weapons (NLW) / Urban Operations War Game Two Assessment, JNLWD, June 2000. The wargame was held 13-16 June 2000 at the US Army War College, Carlisle Barracks, PA.
23) Assessment Report: US/UK Non-Lethal Weapons (NLW)/Urban Operations Executive Seminar, JNLWD, November 2000.
24) Response letter (3 September 2002) from US Department of the Navy, Office of the Judge Advocate General, International and Operational Law Division to Sunshine Project Freedom of Information Request of 21 August 2002.
25) Several JNLWD-funded contracts indicate this. See, for example, 81mm Frangible Case Cartridge, Contract DAAE-30-01-C-1077 (June 2001), US Army TACOM and M2 Technologies, URL above.
26) Non-Lethal Weapons: Acquisitions, Capabilities, Doctrine, & Strategy: A Course of Instruction, contract M67004-99-D-0037, purchase order M9545002RCR2BA7, between the US Marine Corps University (Pennsylvania State University Applied Research Laboratory) and JNLWD, December 2001.
27) Letter from Col. George Fenton to the National Academies of Science (NAS), 17 May 2002, text provided in an e-mail from Mr. Kevin Hale, Director of the NAS National Security Office to William Colglazier, Executive Officer, 17 May 2002.
28) Letter from Kevin Hale (NAS) to Col. George Fenton (JNLWD), 17 May 2002. This letter and the e-mail of note #27 were provided by the NAS Public Affairs office.
1) Kenny, J. The Human Effects of Non-Lethal Weapons, presentation of the JNLWD Human Effects Advisory Panel to the US National Academy of Sciences Naval Studies Board, 30 April 2001.
2) Susan LeVine, JNLWD Research Director, quoted in Non-Lethal Programs Will Enhance Navy And Marine Warfighting in Navy News and Undersea Technology, v. 16, n.19, 10 May 1999.
3) Lakoski J, Murray, W.B., Kenny J. The Advantages and Limitations of Calmatives for Use as a Non-Lethal Technique, Applied Research Laboratory / College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, 3 October 2000.
4) See the Sunshine Project news release Pentagon Program Promotes Psychopharmacological Warfare (1 July 2002), the information brief The MCRU Calmatives Study and JNLWD: A Summary of (Public) Facts (19 September 2002), and Sunshine Project Backgrounder #8, Non-Lethal Weapons Research in the US: Calmatives & Malodorants (July 2001).
5) See, for example, 81mm Frangible Case Cartridge, Contract DAAE-30-01-C-1077 (June 2001), US Army TACOM and M2 Technologies.
6) See side two of the accompanying map and fact sheet.
7) Liquid Payload Dispensing Concept Studies Techniques for the 81mm Non-Lethal Mortar Cartridge, Contract DAAE-30-01-M-1444 (Sept. 2001), US Army TACOM and General Dynamics.
8) Assessment Report: US/UK Non-Lethal Weapons (NLW)/Urban Operations Executive Seminar, JNLWD, November 2000.
9) ibid (and other documents)
10) Colonel George Fenton, USMC, JNLWD Commanding Officer, quoted in War without tears, New Scientist, 16 December 2000.
11) Lakoski J, Murray, W.B., Kenny J. The Advantages and Limitations of Calmatives for Use as a Non-Lethal Technique.
12) The US Department of Defense Joint Non-Lethal Weapons Program, Program Overview, April 2001.
13) See Fenton, G. To The Future: Non-Lethal Capabilities Technologies in the 21st Century, presentation to the University of New Hampshire's Non-lethal Technology and Academic Research III symposium, November 2001.
14) Nonkinetic/limited effects/non-lethal weapons for crowd control, US Department of the Navy solicitation M67854-02-R-6064, 18 July 2002.
15) See Non-Lethal Weapons Suggested to Incapacitate Terrorists in Airliners, Air Safety Week, v. 15 n. 39, 15 October 2001.
16) Durant Y. White Paper: Delivery of chemicals by microcapsules, Advanced Polymer Laboratory, University of New Hampshire, 1998.
17) 81mm Frangible Case Cartridge, Contract DAAE-30-01-C-1077 (June 2001), US Army TACOM and M2 Technologies.
18) See Liquid Payload Dispensing Concept Studies Techniques for the 81mm Non-Lethal Mortar Cartridge, Contract DAAE-30-01-M-1444 (Sept. 2001), US Army TACOM and General Dynamics,
19) ibid.
20) Aberdeen Proving Ground: see Design and Development of an 81mm Non-Lethal Mortar Cartridge, United Defense LP, US Army Soldier Biological Chemical Command (SBCCOM), US Army Research Laboratory, March 2000.
University of New Hampshire: see Durant Y, et al, Composites material selection study for NL Mortar, presentation to the University of New Hampshire's Non-lethal Technology and Academic Research III symposium, November 2001.
21) Fenton, G. To The Future: Non-Lethal Capabilities Technologies in the 21st Century.
22) US/UK Non-Lethal Weapons (NLW) / Urban Operations War Game Two Assessment, JNLWD, June 2000. The wargame was held 13-16 June 2000 at the US Army War College, Carlisle Barracks, PA.
23) Assessment Report: US/UK Non-Lethal Weapons (NLW)/Urban Operations Executive Seminar, JNLWD, November 2000.
24) Response letter (3 September 2002) from US Department of the Navy, Office of the Judge Advocate General, International and Operational Law Division to Sunshine Project Freedom of Information Request of 21 August 2002.
25) Several JNLWD-funded contracts indicate this. See, for example, 81mm Frangible Case Cartridge, Contract DAAE-30-01-C-1077 (June 2001), US Army TACOM and M2 Technologies, URL above.
26) Non-Lethal Weapons: Acquisitions, Capabilities, Doctrine, & Strategy: A Course of Instruction, contract M67004-99-D-0037, purchase order M9545002RCR2BA7, between the US Marine Corps University (Pennsylvania State University Applied Research Laboratory) and JNLWD, December 2001.
27) Letter from Col. George Fenton to the National Academies of Science (NAS), 17 May 2002, text provided in an e-mail from Mr. Kevin Hale, Director of the NAS National Security Office to William Colglazier, Executive Officer, 17 May 2002.
28) Letter from Kevin Hale (NAS) to Col. George Fenton (JNLWD), 17 May 2002. This letter and the e-mail of note #27 were provided by the NAS Public Affairs office.